The Importance of Family Time: Returnees’ Residence Rights in EU Citizenship Law - European Public Law View The Importance of Family Time: Returnees’ Residence Rights in EU Citizenship Law by - European Public Law The Importance of Family Time: Returnees’ Residence Rights in EU Citizenship Law 31 3

Union citizens who claim family reunification rights against their home Member State based on the exercise of freedom of movement under Article 21(1) Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) might be suspected of abuse of Union law. The concept of genuine residence, introduced in the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) judgment C-456/12 O. and B. may, together with time, serve to rebut such accusations and affirm the accompanying family member’s right to derive a right of residence from the Union citizen in the latter’s home Member State. The article analyses the CJEU judgments in Case C-456/12 O. and B., Case C-165/16, Lounes, and Case C-230/17, Deha Altiner and Ravn to assess the various ways that temporal factors inform the understanding of what constitutes a created, strengthened or continuous family life, as well as the relevance of the timing in establishing a family relationship. The analysis finds that fixed normative time limits might well serve a function to avert abuse of rights, but risks blurring the reality of family life and the actual need for protection of residence rights of family members to Union citizens in free movement situations.

European Public Law