This study examines how digitalization reshapes workers’ representation and explores whether EU labour law adequately supports the digital exercise of information and consultation (I/C) rights. Digital technologies offer trade unions new opportunities for organization and engagement, particularly among younger and platform-based workers, but also raise challenges related to resources, security and the balance between online and face-to-face interaction. National legal frameworks are generally neutral, neither prohibiting nor facilitating digital tools in collective labour relations, which enhances the importance of EU-level regulation. A review of the relevant EU directives reveals fragmented and inconsistent provisions: while most remain silent on digital communication, some require timely and substantive consultation, which in practice presupposes digital means. Sporadic references exist, but no coherent framework has emerged. This paper argues that the I/C framework directive should be revised to integrate clear provisions on digital resources, ensure effective implementation and harmonize existing inconsistencies. Proposed reforms include codifying rules on electronic communication, clarifying applicable law in crossborder contexts and strengthening enforcement. Ultimately, adapting EU law is essential for ensuring that digitalization reinforces, rather than undermining, workers’ collective rights.
International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations