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<title>KluwerLawOnline.com - All Journal Titles</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/AllJournals</link>
<description />
<language>en-gb</language>
<lastBuildDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</lastBuildDate>
<item>
<title>Editorial: Global Minimum Taxation and International Investment Agreements Issue 4 [pre-publication]</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Intertax/53.4 [pre-publication]/TAXI2025034</link>
<category>Intertax</category>
<description>Volume 53 Online ISSN 0165-2826</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Courting Global Commerce: The Shifting Dynamics Between International Arbitration and International Commercial Courts</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Journal+of+International+Arbitration/42.2/JOIA2025019</link>
<category>Journal of International Arbitration</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>Globalization
continues to flourish through international trade and interconnected economies,
despite the rise of economic nationalism. Even as trends like onshoring gain
traction, the importance of global trade and effective dispute resolution
remains unchanged. Businesses still demand swift, cost-effective, and
enforceable outcomes, which is where International Commercial Courts (ICCs)
play a role. These courts fall into three categories: Global (e.g., Singapore’s
SICC), National (e.g., China’s CICC), and Hybrid (e.g., those in Gulf financial
zones), each focused on supporting cross-border commerce in distinct ways.
Though arbitration is largely insulated from judicial intervention, it still
depends on court cooperation for enforcement. Arbitration enjoys strong support
in commercial hubs, where judicial interference is typically limited to extreme
cases. However, systemic challenges persist, including the lack of uniform
ethical standards and effective enforceability mechanisms for professional
lapses. While ICCs prioritize transparency and discharge public functions,
arbitration remains a private process that benefits only the involved parties,
with no authoritative public case law generated. Both systems share a common
goal of providing effective justice, aligned with commercial norms, but they
offer complementary advantages that support global trade. This dual approach
allows businesses to choose between public judicial mechanisms and the
confidentiality and flexibility of private arbitration. Arbitration’s unique
strengths – confidentiality, procedural adaptability, expert arbitrators, and
broad enforceability under the New York Convention, which is recognized by 172
countries – make it unlikely to be replaced by commercial courts. Arbitration
awards are often easier to enforce than court judgments, which can face
significant hurdles. Additionally, the neutrality of arbitration addresses
concerns about bias in national courts, reinforcing its status as the preferred
method for resolving international commercial disputes. While ICCs strive for
similar neutrality, they have yet to match arbitration’s global enforceability,
unless conventions like the Hague Judgments Convention gain broader adoption.
Arbitration processes and ICCs complement each other but do not directly engage
each other on the prevailing creases. To iron this out, the establishment of a
forum where arbitrators and judges collaborate could drive innovation in
cross-border disputes, enhance the synergy between arbitration and judicial
systems, and strengthen global commerce<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 42 Online ISSN 0255-8106</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>CAVEAT ARBITRATOR!: Examining the Responsibility of Arbitrators to Probe Corruption: Lessons to Be Learned from the <i>P&ID</i> Sag</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Journal+of+International+Arbitration/42.2/JOIA2025020</link>
<category>Journal of International Arbitration</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>As international
arbitration’s popularity rises, arbitral tribunals are increasingly confronted
with issues traditionally handled by courts – specifically, issues relating to
corruption and other forms of wrongdoing. However, there is consensus that the
tools available to arbitral tribunals have limited efficacy (or none at all) in
examining evidence relating to corruption, particularly when there are third
parties. The recent decision of the English High Court in Nigeria v. Process
&amp; Industrial Developments Ltd (P&amp;ID), however, introduces a new
obligation on arbitrators to investigate allegations of corruption more
seriously. Considering the importance of English law in international
arbitration, this decision has truly wide-reaching implications for how
arbitrators should address such allegations.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 42 Online ISSN 0255-8106</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><i>Le Bien, Le Mal</i>: A Tale of Contactless Anti-suit Injunctions and Foreign Arbitral Seats</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Journal+of+International+Arbitration/42.2/JOIA2025021</link>
<category>Journal of International Arbitration</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>Under English law, the
arbitration agreement gives rise to an actionable right to restrain breach
through an anti-suit injunction (ASI). While an ASI is readily available in
cases where the seat of arbitration is in England, until recently the question
as to whether the same relief could be obtained in support of foreign-seated
arbitrations had remained uncertain. This issue was raised for the first time
in a series of recent cases in which the English High Court issued divergent
decisions. Nevertheless, before the Court of Appeal the prevailing position was
that, provided personal jurisdiction over the defendant is established under
Part 6 of the Civil Procedure Rules (CPR), an ASI will generally be granted
irrespective of the foreign seat and despite the absence of a stronger geographical
nexus with England and Wales. The UK Supreme Court (UKSC) upheld the ASI but
found it unnecessary to express a view on the proposition as to whether
personal jurisdiction was a sufficient condition for relief. This article
asserts that the proposition is both consistent with previous authority, and in
conformity with comity and international law in general. More broadly, the
decisions shed light on the basis and contours of ASI as a form of equitable
relief, which is meant to correct the injustice arising from the breach of
legally binding promises not to submit disputes arising under an arbitration
agreement to other fora.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 42 Online ISSN 0255-8106</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Party Autonomy, Comity and the <i>RusChemAlliance</i> Saga</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Journal+of+International+Arbitration/42.2/JOIA2025022</link>
<category>Journal of International Arbitration</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>In September 2024, the
English Supreme Court made a landmark ruling on anti-suit injunctions in
UniCredit Bank GmbH v. RusChemAlliance (RCA) LLC [2024] EWCA Civ 64. This
decision followed two earlier prominent judgments: Deutsche Bank v. RCA [2023]
EWCA Civ 114 and Commerzbank v. RCA [2023] EWHC 2510 (Comm). This article
explores this recent case law trilogy on anti-suit injunctions through two
competing lenses: first, party autonomy; and second, comity and the need to
respect state sovereignty. The purpose of this article is to shed light on the
remaining uncertainty pertaining to how these two interests materialize in
practice – particularly because of the repeated references to ‘caution’ in the
commentary on anti-suit injunctions. It will be argued that, although the
English case law reveals a pro-contractual enforcement and pro-arbitration
approach, uncertainty and inconsistency persist in two ways: (1) the
problematic application of Enka v. Chubb in determining the law governing the
arbitration agreement (AA); (2) the jurisprudence on comity.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 42 Online ISSN 0255-8106</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editors’ Note</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025024</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Cepani provides practical tools for greener arbitrations</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025025</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>K. Fach Gómez, The Technological Competence of Arbitrators – A Comparative and International Legal Study, Springer, 2023, 172 p.</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025026</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>A.M. Anderson & H. Verbist (eds.), <i>Expedited International Arbitration: Policies, Rules and Procedures</i>, Alphen aan den Rijn, Wolters Kluwer, 2024, 392 p.</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025028</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Rb. Brussel (N) (5e k.), 19 februari 2024</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025021</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editors’ Note</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025022</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Voorz. Orb. Brussel (N) (zoals in kortgeding), 25 september 2023</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025023</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editorial</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025003</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Ten years after the Belgian Law of 24 June 2013 on arbitration</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025002</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Sports arbitration in Belgium</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025004</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Responsible use of AI Tools in Arbitration</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025005</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>L’incidence du comportement des acteurs de l’arbitrage sur l’effectivité du contrôle de l’indépendance et de l’impartialité des arbitres dans une perspective de droit comparé</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025006</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Cass. (1re ch.), C.22.0348.F., 12 avril 2024</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025007</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Tribunal fédéral suisse (Ire Cour Civ.), 4A_244/2023, 3 avril 2024</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025008</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Swiss Federal Supreme Court refuses to follow CJEU’s Komstroy decision and rejects application to set aside intra-EU ECT award</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025009</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>HvB Gent (7e k.), 19 februari 2024</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025010</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editors’ Note</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025011</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Civ. Bruxelles (F) (4e ch.), 24 mars 2023</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025012</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editors’ Note</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025013</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Civ. Bruxelles (F) (4e ch.), 24 mai 2023</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025014</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Rb. Oost-Vlaanderen (afd. Gent) (1e k.), 4 september 2023 (Beschikking)</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025015</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editors’ Note</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025016</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Civ. Bruxelles (F) (4e ch.), 11 octobre 2023 et 22 mars 2024</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025017</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editors’ Note</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025018</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Rb. Brussel (N) (5e k.), 5 januari 2024</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025019</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editors’ Note</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/b-Arbitra+|+Belgian+Review+of+Arbitration/2024.2/BARBIT2025020</link>
<category>b-Arbitra | Belgian Review of Arbitration</category>
<description>Volume 2024 Online ISSN 2593-0877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>The <i>Komstroy</i> Declarations and the <i>Inter Se</i> Treaty on intra-EU Investment Arbitration under the ECT: Entering Unchartered Legal Territory? [pre-publication]</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Investment+Law+and+Arbitration+Review/10.1 [pre-publication]/EILA2025003</link>
<category>European Investment Law and Arbitration Review</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>The European Union
(EU) and its Member States have taken steps to eliminate intra-EU investment
arbitration and the applicability of the sunset clause in intra-EU relations
under the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) through a declaration and a treaty.
However, it is uncertain whether either the declaration or the treaty will have
the intended effect. The declaration cannot be qualified as an authentic
interpretation under Article 31(3)(a) Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
(VCLT), although it is of a different nature than the 2019 Achmea declarations.
It could potentially qualify as an inter se agreement under Article 41 VCLT.
The envisaged treaty certainly constitutes an inter se agreement. However, it
is doubtful whether either the declaration or the inter se treaty meet the
substantive requirements of Article 41(1) VCLT. Although neither Article 16 ECT
nor Article 46 ECT explicitly prohibit inter se agreements, arbitral tribunals
may find that the removal of intra-EU arbitration and the sunset clause are incompatible
with the effective execution of the object and purpose of the ECT as a whole
under Article 41(1)(b)(ii) VCLT. However, the inter se removal of Articles 2,
16 and 46 ECT would mitigate this argument. In addition, the notification
requirement of Article 41(2) VCLT must be respected.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 10 Online ISSN 2468-7413</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><i>10th EFILA Annual Lecture (2024): Reflections on the Past and Future Significance of ICSID’s First 1000 Cases<i/></title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Investment+Law+and+Arbitration+Review/10.1 [pre-publication]/EILA2025001</link>
<category>European Investment Law and Arbitration Review</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US">On 8
August 2024, ICSID registered its 1000th case under the ICSID Convention and
the ICSID Additional Facility. This milestone offers an opportunity reflect on
the evolution of ICSID case law and its impact on the rule of law in
international investment and procedure. What lessons have we learned from these
cases, and what do they tell us about the future?<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>Volume 10 Online ISSN 2468-7413</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editorial</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Arbitration:+The+International+Journal+of+Arbitration,+Mediation+and+Dispute+Management/91.1/AMDM2025001</link>
<category>Arbitration: The International Journal of Arbitration, Mediation and Dispute Management</category>
<description>Volume 91 Online ISSN 0003-7877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title><i>Lex Contractus Arbitratus<i/>: A Critical Evaluation of Doctrine, Policy, and Law</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Arbitration:+The+International+Journal+of+Arbitration,+Mediation+and+Dispute+Management/91.1/AMDM2025002</link>
<category>Arbitration: The International Journal of Arbitration, Mediation and Dispute Management</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>This paper evaluates
the strengths and weaknesses of the four mainstream choice of law approaches in
determining the governing law of the arbitration agreement (‘lex contractus
arbitratus’) in the absence of any explicit appointment by the parties. These
include: (1) lex contractus; (2) lex loci arbitri; (3) the a-national approach;
and (4) the validity approach. This paper determines that not only does the lex
loci arbitri approach produce great commercial benefits by ensuring the
enforceability of the arbitral award pursuant to the New York Convention (NYC)
and by mitigating legal complexity and unpredictability, but is also the most
doctrinally compelling approach considering the doctrine of separability and
close connection. This paper concludes with the proposal that an ideal approach
ought to begin with the presumption of lex loci arbitri, with possible
countervailing factors such as the parties’ true intention as evinced through
parol evidence and the choice of law’s effect on the validity of the
arbitration agreement.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 91 Online ISSN 0003-7877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Closed Doors: Confidentiality of Arbitral Deliberations in Australia</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Arbitration:+The+International+Journal+of+Arbitration,+Mediation+and+Dispute+Management/91.1/AMDM2025003</link>
<category>Arbitration: The International Journal of Arbitration, Mediation and Dispute Management</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>Although
confidentiality is widely accepted as one of the key attractions of
international commercial arbitration, the nature of the obligation varies
between jurisdictions. This article explores the extent to which arbitrators’
deliberations are confidential in Australia. It examines international
practice, and in particular the landmark Singaporean case of CZT v. CZU [2023]
SGHC(I) 11, which extended the implied obligation of confidentiality to the
deliberations of the arbitral tribunal. It then turns to consider Australia’s
various confidentiality rules: at common law, under the International
Arbitration Act 1974 (Cth) (IAA), and under the Uniform Evidence Acts. The
article considers the consequences of this network of rules and argues for a
balanced approach to confidentiality which allows for exceptions where
necessary in the interest of justice. Such an approach would align the
Australian position with international standards.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 91 Online ISSN 0003-7877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Alternative Dispute Settlement in the UN and the EU Internal Justice Systems: A Comparative Case Study</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Arbitration:+The+International+Journal+of+Arbitration,+Mediation+and+Dispute+Management/91.1/AMDM2025004</link>
<category>Arbitration: The International Journal of Arbitration, Mediation and Dispute Management</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>This article
investigates whether informal dispute settlement may promote a faster and more
efficient resolution of employment disputes in the United Nations (UN) reformed
administration of justice. Some scholars have pointed out that it is difficult
to answer this question without a benchmark. Accordingly, this article conducts
a comparative analysis of UN and European Union (EU) alternative dispute
resolution (‘ADR’) mechanisms for staff disputes. After describing how these
organizations’ internal judicial systems emerged, the first section argues that
structural deficiencies remain in the UN system and create an imbalance between
disputants, which prevents ADR from delivering its full potential. Despite the
limited available data regarding these organizations’ ADR practice, the second
section contends that the European Ombudsman, a mechanism of good governance
widely open to staff complainants, has legitimized ADR and led to durable
positive institutional outcomes. Ultimately, this comparative study allows to
draw both quantitative and qualitative findings to improve the UN system.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 91 Online ISSN 0003-7877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Beyond Stamps: The NN Global Saga and Section 11 Proceedings</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Arbitration:+The+International+Journal+of+Arbitration,+Mediation+and+Dispute+Management/91.1/AMDM2025005</link>
<category>Arbitration: The International Journal of Arbitration, Mediation and Dispute Management</category>
<description><p class="MsoHeader"><i>In December, 2023, a
seven-judge bench of the Supreme Court of India (hereinafter ‘Supreme Court’)
unanimously overruled a five-judge Bench’s judgment in NN Global-II, and held
that the Court at the stage of appointment of an arbitrator under Section 11 of
the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (hereinafter ‘Arbitration Act’) can
appoint an arbitrator and leave the issue of stamping to be decided by the
arbitrator. It is imperative to note that the five-judge Bench Reference was
essentially borne out of a three-judge bench decision in NN Global-I, wherein
the Supreme Court doubted the correctness of view taken by a coordinate bench
in Vidya Drolia that the non-payment of stamp duty on a contract would
invalidate even the arbitration agreement, and render it non-existent in law.
The three-judge bench expressed its disagreement with the Vidya Drolia Bench’s
decision that the Court must first impound the unstamped instrument in
pursuance of Section 33 of the Stamp Act, 1899, and thereafter appoint an
arbitrator under Section 11 of the Arbitration Act. The majority in the
Constitutional Bench had come to a conclusion that non-stamping or insufficient
stamp duty on the main agreement containing the arbitration clause would render
invalid the arbitration clause, thereby approving the holding in SMS Tea,
Garware, and Vidya Drolia, thus indicating that the position adopted by the
three-judge bench in NN Global is no longer valid. Against this background, the
paper attempts to critically analyse the issue whether the Court should be
barred from acting upon an unstamped instrument and appointing an arbitrator at
the Section 11 stage.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 91 Online ISSN 0003-7877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>A Spotlight on ADR in the Middle East The Enforceability of DIFC-LCIA Arbitration Clauses in the Light of Decree No. 34/2021: A View from INSIDE and OUTSIDE the UAE</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Arbitration:+The+International+Journal+of+Arbitration,+Mediation+and+Dispute+Management/91.1/AMDM2025006</link>
<category>Arbitration: The International Journal of Arbitration, Mediation and Dispute Management</category>
<description><p class="MsoHeader"><i>This article discusses
recent court rulings that deal with the enforceability of a Dubai International
Financial Centre (DIFC)-London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA)
arbitration clause following the entry into force of Decree No. 34/2021. It
will be seen that the local UAE (United Arab Emirates) and the DIFC Courts take
a markedly different, more liberal approach when compared to the approach taken
by foreign courts, such as the courts of Louisiana and Singapore. Defaulting
DIFC-LCIA arbitration clauses to a Concerning the Dubai International
Arbitration Centre (DIAC) forum seriously undermines the concept of party
autonomy in arbitration, sufficiently so to raise concerns with an experienced,
international arbitration judiciary. Caution must be exercised by those who
wish to safeguard the enforceability of their arbitration obligation in a
non-DIAC forum.</i><i><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></i></p>Volume 91 Online ISSN 0003-7877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Challenges and Solutions in Enforcing Foreign Arbitral Awards: A Case Study of the UAE</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Arbitration:+The+International+Journal+of+Arbitration,+Mediation+and+Dispute+Management/91.1/AMDM2025007</link>
<category>Arbitration: The International Journal of Arbitration, Mediation and Dispute Management</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>This paper studies the
challenges that are faced in enforcing foreign arbitral awards in the United
Arab Emirates (UAE), and develops solutions. UAE is committed to aligning its
arbitration system with international arbitration standards such as the New
York Convention, but also faces challenges due to the complexities of Sharia
principles and local legal frameworks. This study underscores such critical
legal, judicial and procedural challenges and cultural barriers as the
prohibition of interest (Riba) and Sharia principles. The paper employed a
qualitative methodology, conducting in-depth interviews with ten experts in
international arbitration. The findings revealed that legislative reforms, such
as Federal Law No. 6 of 2018, support and enhance arbitration procedures and
enforcement, but practical bottlenecks due to court backlogs and complicated
documentation may hinder the process. The paper also highlights the importance
of Sharia-compliant agreements and the engagement of local legal expertise to
facilitate the arbitral awards, as well as the use of digital tools to further
streamline enforcement. The paper recommends future comparative research into
arbitration practices in similar jurisdictions as a way to identify best
practices. The findings from this research provide actionable insights for
lawyers, arbitrators, businesses, and policymakers, and offer practical
strategies to empower the UAE’s arbitration environment.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 91 Online ISSN 0003-7877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Beyond Litigation: The Promise of Mandatory Mediation in Saudi Arabia</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Arbitration:+The+International+Journal+of+Arbitration,+Mediation+and+Dispute+Management/91.1/AMDM2025008</link>
<category>Arbitration: The International Journal of Arbitration, Mediation and Dispute Management</category>
<description><p class="MsoHeader"><i>This article critically
examines the implementation of mandatory mediation in Saudi Arabia, following
the enactment of the Commercial Courts Law (CCL) and its Implementing
Regulations. It situates this development within the broader global trend
toward mandatory mediation, comparing the Saudi framework to established models
in England and Wales and in Singapore. The study explores the theoretical
foundations of mandatory mediation, assessing its potential benefits, such as
the facilitation of access to justice and promotion of party autonomy and
efficiency, alongside its inherent challenges. Through a detailed analysis of
the design and outcomes of the CCL’s mediation provisions, this article
identifies areas for enhancement within Saudi Arabia’s unique legal and
cultural context. By addressing a notable gap in the literature, the findings
contribute valuable insights for legal scholars, practitioners, and
policymakers, ultimately advocating for the optimization of alternative dispute
resolution (ADR) mechanisms to foster efficient and amicable commercial dispute
resolution in the Kingdom.</i><i><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></i></p>Volume 91 Online ISSN 0003-7877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Common and Civil Law Synergies in the UAE’s Judicial Free Zones: A Living Laboratory of Legal Traditions Beyond the Common and Civil Law Divide</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Arbitration:+The+International+Journal+of+Arbitration,+Mediation+and+Dispute+Management/91.1/AMDM2025009</link>
<category>Arbitration: The International Journal of Arbitration, Mediation and Dispute Management</category>
<description><p class="MsoHeader"><i>These closing remarks
discuss the unique role of the Dubai- and Abu Dhabi- based judicial free zones
as a living laboratory of civil and common law legal and more specifcially
arbitration practice beyond the civil and common law divide.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 91 Online ISSN 0003-7877</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>The (R) Evolution of the EU Financial Supervisory Framework: Architecture in Search of an Architect?</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Business+Law+Review/36.2/EULR2025011</link>
<category>European Business Law Review</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>This article explores
some major institutional challenges emerging from the recent developments of
the European Union (EU) financial supervisory framework. In particular, it
first examines the evolution of the financial supervisory architecture since
the creation of the three European Supervisory Authorities (ESAs) and the
establishment of the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM). It then gives an
appraisal of the 2019 reform of the ESAs, highlighting the key achievements
attained as well as its shortcomings. It then analyses some recent sectoral
legislative developments which have significantly broadened the supervisory
mandate of the ESAs, in particular of the European Securities and Markets
Authority (ESMA). The article finally examines the Market in Crypto-Assets
Regulation (MiCAR), and the emergence of new supervisory models, before
concluding with a discussion of the challenges associated with the observed
institutional evolution of the EU financial supervisory framework, with a
selected focus on the overall coherence of the system, the institutional and
constitutional balance, and future prospects and reforms.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 36 Online ISSN 0959-6941</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Misuse of Electronic Signatures and eID Owner Liability: A Comparative Analysis of Estonian and Norwegian Legislative Frameworks and Practice</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Business+Law+Review/36.2/EULR2025012</link>
<category>European Business Law Review</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>The issuance of electronic
identity (eID) will become compulsory across the EU according to Regulation
(EU) 2024/1183 which amends Regulation (EU) 910/2014 as regards establishing
the European Digital Identity Framework. Estonia and Norway both have extensive
experience in the use of eID. Ample Norwegian and Estonian civil and criminal
case law exists analysing the eID owner’s liability in cases of misuse of eID
by a third person. Civil courts tend to take a different approach than criminal
courts. In civil proceedings, the eID owner is often found liable, whether in
contract or tort, in cases of misuse of eID by a third person. In criminal
proceedings, courts tend to find the misuser of eID guilty (in cases of
computer-related fraud) and ground the eID misuser’s liability in tort. This
creates a situation where the creditor can choose against whom to bring their
claim (depending e.g. on the financial status of the eID owner and the misuser)
in order to ensure that their interests are well protected. However, the eID
owner’s obligation to repay money to the creditor may depend on the type of
proceedings chosen by the creditor. Focusing on situations where a third party
has misused an owner’s eID, the authors analyse Estonian and Norwegian
legislation and case law in order to determine who should be held liable under
civil law.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 36 Online ISSN 0959-6941</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Unequal Protection under Sovereign Immunity for Economic Crisis Resolution Measures: Central Bank Measures versus Sovereign Debt Restructuring</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Business+Law+Review/36.2/EULR2025013</link>
<category>European Business Law Review</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>This article examines
the scope of protection provided by sovereign immunity rules for two core
economic crisis prevention and resolution measures: central banks’ efforts to
stabilize the economy, in particular through foreign exchange reserves, and
sovereign debt crisis resolution through so-called debt restructuring. The aim
is to analyse how sovereign immunity rules may influence a state’s monetary
power, defined as its capacity to effectively prevent and solve economic
crises. What we see is that while central bank policies are largely shielded,
sovereign debt restructuring measures are not protected by sovereign immunity
rules. A consequence is that the states most in need of crisis resolution tools
are those least protected by immunity. The article seeks to critically examine
why the protection of two economic crisis prevention and resolution measures
has evolved in different directions, including asking whether sovereign
financing can be treated separately from monetary policy when discussing
economic crisis resolution measures.</i></p>Volume 36 Online ISSN 0959-6941</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editorial Introduction to Special Issue: Transformation in the Third Decade of the 21st Century – Challenges and Pressing Issues in the Realms of Company Law, Financial Markets Law and Beyond
</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Business+Law+Review/36.2/EULR2025008</link>
<category>European Business Law Review</category>
<description>Volume 36 Online ISSN 0959-6941</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>(Generative) Artificial Intelligence in the Third Decade of the 21st Century and Beyond – Selected European Legal, Regulatory and Supervisory Aspects with a Particular View on Companies in Financial Markets</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Business+Law+Review/36.2/EULR2025009</link>
<category>European Business Law Review</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
normal;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-IN;mso-fareast-language:
EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">The profoundly transformative (current and
potential future) effects of (generative) AI particularly on individuals,
societies, states and economies might not be overstated. The law in the realm
of AI accordingly further develops rapidly. At European Union (EU) level, the
Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) is of utmost importance, here. This paper
analyses aspects of the EU legal, regulatory and supervisory approach to the currently
most advanced and challenging AI: general-purpose Artificial Intelligence (AI)
models and general-purpose AI systems. Focus is particularly on how the EU
regime for AI responds to the wide spectrum of risks linked to (generative) AI
with a sector-specific emphasis on financial markets.</span></i></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal"><i>&nbsp;</i></p>Volume 36 Online ISSN 0959-6941</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Suitability Assessments: Assessing Bank Directors’ Knowledge, Skills and Experience
</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Business+Law+Review/36.2/EULR2025010</link>
<category>European Business Law Review</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:normal;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">The article
explores the suitability requirements for directors in European Union&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">(“EU”) banks
with a focus on the knowledge, skills and experience criteria. After an&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">introduction
in part 1, part 2 considers the evolution and legal basis for the fit and</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:normal;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">proper
assessment for bank directors in the EU. It describes the assessment of
directors&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">conducted
pursuant to Article 91 of Directive 2013/36/EU as amended (CRD IV)&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">by the
nominating banks and by the relevant competent authority. The latter’s
assessment&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">serves a
critical gate-keeping function when it forms part of the initial decision&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">to authorise
a bank, or to approve candidates for board positions or newly appointed&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">directors.
The banks too play a key role by ensuring that the directors they nominate&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">meet the
suitability standards and continue to do so throughout their tenure. This part&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">also examines
the revised framework for suitability assessments set out in Directive&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">2024/1619
(CRD VI). Part 3 explores the meaning of the knowledge, skills and experience&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">criteria and
the difficulties faced by competent authorities and banks in making&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">suitability
assessments. Part 4 reflects on the “new” categories of knowledge needed&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">around the
board table with a focus on ESG risk and technology risk. It considers&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">whether these
needs could be addressed by the appointment of directors with expertise&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">in these
areas or the establishment of special committees with mandates in these&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">areas. Part 5
explores the concept of collective suitability and its implications for the&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">assessment of
suitability of individual directors. Finally, part 6 examines the manner&nbsp;</span></i><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
&quot;TimesNewRomanPSMT&quot;,serif;mso-bidi-font-family:TimesNewRomanPSMT">in which
education and training can remedy any deficits in directors’ knowledge base.</span></i></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><i>&nbsp;</i></p>Volume 36 Online ISSN 0959-6941</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Implications of Chinese Civil Cases on Article 35 of the Montreal Convention 1999</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Air+and+Space+Law/50.2/AILA2025021</link>
<category>Air and Space Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>The temporal provision
outlined in Article 35 of the Montreal Convention 1999 (MC99) and Article 29 of
the Warsaw Convention 1929 (WC29), which establishes a two-year period for the
initiation of legal proceedings and specifies the method for calculating this
period, has been a source of controversy since its introduction in the early
twenteith century. Globally, judicial practices have debated its legal nature,
specifically whether it constitutes a statute of limitations, or a statute of
repose or a condition precedent. Chinese courts generally interpret it as a
statute of limitations. Notably, the Supreme People’s Court (SPC) in China has
issued a relevant model case concerning a dispute over an international air
carriage contract under MC99, which is remarked as a significant guidance for
the resolution of similar cases. This article delves into Chinese domestic
legal provisions and judicial practices regarding this matter. It begins by
examining the notable Chinese model case, followed by a comparative analysis of
practices in other jurisdictions. Finally, it seeks to identify the underlying
causes and factors that have shaped Chinese legal practice, as well as to
assess the broader implications and impacts of this approach.</i></p>Volume 50 Online ISSN 0927-3379</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Will the Second Trump Administration Cooperate With China in the Space Sphere: An Empirical Approach </title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Air+and+Space+Law/50.2/AILA2025020</link>
<category>Air and Space Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>This article
investigates whether the second Trump Administration will cooperate with China
in the space sphere through an empirical approach. The main empirical
methodology is drawn from a previous theme-based study by Holland and Burns,
which codes the themes of the US Space Policy papers into five categories:
competition with the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republic (the former
USSR), American prestige, international collaboration, American leadership, and
a new paradigm. The previous study spanned from the Eisenhower Administration
to the Obama Administration. The article adopts the said methodology, provides
certain critiques, and supplements the data from the first Trump administration
and Biden administration, upon which the article further predicts the
orientation of space policymaking in the second Trump administration towards
the angle of international cooperation with China on paper, but flow between
competition and cooperation in practice. In conclusion, the article proposes
that China and the US will enter into a new phase of cooperation and
competition in the new space era. The latest example of China’s Space Station
(CSS) will be taken into consideration.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 50 Online ISSN 0927-3379</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editorial: Modernization of Dutch Company Law</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Company+Law/22.2/EUCL2025010</link>
<category>European Company Law</category>
<description>Volume 22 Online ISSN 1572-4999</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Article: Unveiling the Influence: The Dynamics of Corporate Group Structures</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Company+Law/22.2/EUCL2025011</link>
<category>European Company Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>This paper explores
the intricate dynamics of corporate group structures, focusing on the influence
of corporate power and the potential risks and inefficiencies associated with
managerialism. It begins by defining corporate groups, highlighting the varying
definitions across jurisdictions and contexts. The paper then examines the
reasons for the formation of corporate groups, emphasizing benefits such as
asset partitioning and risk management. It also addresses the challenges posed
by corporate groups, including issues of power concentration, agency problems,
and opportunism. The analysis underscores the need for a more coherent legal
framework that aligns with the economic realities of modern corporate
structures. By advocating for an enterprise approach the paper argues for
enhanced regulatory oversight and state intervention justified by the
concession theory of the corporation. This shift aims to ensure a more
equitable distribution of the benefits and burdens of corporate activities,
contributing to a fairer corporate landscape.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 22 Online ISSN 1572-4999</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Article: ‘Not Everything that Counts Can Be Counted’: The Flaws of the EU Rules on ESG Information</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Company+Law/22.2/EUCL2025012</link>
<category>European Company Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>The EU has introduced
various ESG information obligations for large companies and financial
intermediaries, hoping to indirectly promote virtuous behaviour. The
legislation is spread across a multiplicity of regulatory sources and concerns
heterogeneous matters: investor protection and consumer preferences (the SFDR,
Delegated Regulation under MIFID II, Listing Act, and Green Claims Directive),
disclosure obligations (the NFRD and subsequently Corporate Sustainability
Reporting Directive (CSRD)), and company duties (the Taxonomy Regulation and,
more recently, Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD)).
However, transparency in ESG policies is much more difficult to achieve than in
financial information, given the descriptive nature of sustainability
information and the lack of standards and well-established operating practices.
Comparing the main provisions of European legislation regulating corporate
sustainability information, whether mandatory or not, this study aims to show
how these provisions are gradually becoming closer to the financial information
regime. Despite this, enforcement is weak, because the latter regime is heavily
dependent on the choices of individual Member States, which are left to define
the system of remedies and sanctions. Perhaps this approach is a compromise,
given the differences between the sustainability policies of various national
governments, but its transnational nature means that this phenomenon will
require a higher level of harmonization.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 22 Online ISSN 1572-4999</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Case Note: The Shell CO2 Ruling, Considered Partly Through a Group Company Law Perspective</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Company+Law/22.2/EUCL2025013</link>
<category>European Company Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><br></p>Volume 22 Online ISSN 1572-4999</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>French Administrative Courts and Foreign Administrative Acts: Territoriality Is Dead, Long Live Territoriality!</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Public+Law/31.1/EURO2025008</link>
<category>European Public Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>The issue of review by
French administrative courts of acts of foreign administrative authorities is
ancient, but has been revived in the context of the European Union. Secondary
legislation adopted under various competences of the EU (internal market,
Schengen area, environment…), use the technique of transnational administrative
acts and thus calls into question the principle of material territoriality of
administrative law. Nevertheless, the French administrative courts remain
attached to the principle of formal territoriality and are very reluctant to
ensure the indirect control of administrative acts of foreign authorities. However,
this solution will have to change in order to guarantee the right to effective
judicial protection.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 31 Online ISSN 1354-3725</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Judicial Review of Transnational Administrative Action in Greece: <i>Upholding the Principle of Mutual Recognition</i></title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Public+Law/31.1/EURO2025011</link>
<category>European Public Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>The following paper
presents how foreign administrative acts are classified in the Greek legal
order and how Greek administrative courts treat them upon judicial review. It
demonstrates that Greek courts exercise judicial restraint when being faced
with transnational administrative acts and proceed with a review only in cases
of evident legal ‘inexistence’ of an act or in cases where the EU secondary
law, as interpreted by the CJEU case-law, allows such review.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 31 Online ISSN 1354-3725</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Portuguese Administrative Courts and Foreign Administrative Acts: A Road Yet to Be Taken</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Public+Law/31.1/EURO2025012</link>
<category>European Public Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>This article examines
the treatment of foreign administrative acts by Portuguese administrative
courts, focusing on their judicial review in the context of EU law. Despite
academic recognition of the increasing transnational nature of administrative
law, Portuguese case law on this issue remains limited. The study explores the
legal framework governing administrative acts in Portugal and analyzes relevant
case law, particularly in tax enforcement. Findings reveal that Portuguese
courts generally uphold the principle of territoriality, often refraining from
reviewing foreign administrative decisions, even when EU law permits such
scrutiny. The study highlights inconsistencies between national jurisprudence
and recent Court of Justice of the European Union rulings, particularly
regarding the right to judicial protection under Article 47 of the EU Charter.
The article concludes that, despite theoretical advancements in Portuguese
legal scholarship, judicial practice remains cautious, potentially leaving gaps
in legal protection. Future research should explore whether Portuguese courts
will align with evolving EU principles on transnational judicial review<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 31 Online ISSN 1354-3725</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Italian Administrative Courts and Foreign Administrative Acts: An Unfinished ‘Soul Searching’ Exercise</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Public+Law/31.1/EURO2025001</link>
<category>European Public Law</category>
<description>Volume 31 Online ISSN 1354-3725</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Judicial Review of Foreign Administrative Action in Germany</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Public+Law/31.1/EURO2025002</link>
<category>European Public Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>Horizontal cooperation
in EU law has created ‘transnational administrative acts’, whose legal effects
unfold not only in the issuing Member State, but also in other Member States of
the EU. The European legal system of horizontal cooperation and shared
administration is increasingly dependent on the mutual recognition of foreign
administrative acts. At the same time, however, territorial extension of the
legal effects of these administrative acts limits the legal remedies available
to the parties outside of the issuing state. In Germany, the issue of
transnational administrative action has been studied extensively in legal
science since the early 2000s. On the basis of selected case law from the
reference areas ‘genetically modified organisms’, ‘pharmaceuticals’, ‘asylum,
migration and visa’, ‘European driving licences’ ‘taxes’ and ‘social security’,
the following analysis will present, how German courts treat foreign
administrative acts with transnational effects. The study will be structured in
line with the categorization of transnational administrative acts, which has
emerged in German scholarly literature.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 31 Online ISSN 1354-3725</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>The Treatment of Foreign Administrative Decisions in Swedish Law: Acceptance in Legislation, Limited Elaboration in Case Law</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Public+Law/31.1/EURO2025003</link>
<category>European Public Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>Under various forms of
international cooperation, especially EU law, Swedish authorities are obliged
to recognise foreign administrative decisions. The point of departure under
Swedish law is that foreign administrative decisions have no legal status as
such, but need to be recognised in Swedish law. In Swedish legal discourse, it
is clear that foreign decisions are regarded as matters of ‘law’ and not only
‘facts’. There is some scope for Swedish authorities to review the foreign
decision in relation to public international law, EU law, or Swedish
constitutional law. However, this kind of review is seemingly unusual, as there
are no clear examples in the case law of the Swedish courts of precedent. The
overall picture is that Swedish law has accepted the recognition regimes
without controversies. This may be explained by the Swedish legal culture, with
its focus on written law, adopted by the democratically legitimate legislator.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 31 Online ISSN 1354-3725</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Book review: <i>Filtering Populist Claims to Fight Populism: The Italian Case in a Comparative Perspective</i> (Giuseppe Martinico Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 2021)</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Public+Law/31.1/EURO2025006</link>
<category>European Public Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><br></p>Volume 31 Online ISSN 1354-3725</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Transnational Judicial Control in EU Law: The Practice of National Courts</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/European+Public+Law/31.1/EURO2025007</link>
<category>European Public Law</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>This special issue
explores how national courts review foreign administrative acts within the EU’s
integrated administration framework. It examines whether and how courts engage
with transnational administrative acts arising from horizontal cooperation
between Member States in fields such as taxation, migration, pharmaceuticals,
and social security. While principles, such as territoriality and mutual trust,
have historically constrained judicial review of foreign acts, recent case law
from the Court of Justice of the EU suggests an evolving approach that mandates
judicial scrutiny in certain cases to safeguard the right to an effective
remedy under Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights. Through a
comparative analysis of national court practices in six Member States (Germany,
Greece, Italy, Portugal, Sweden, and France) this study identifies significant
disparities in judicial engagement: some jurisdictions actively review foreign
acts under EU law while others remain reluctant to do so. The findings
highlight gaps in judicial protection and the emerging influence of mutual
recognition and sincere cooperation principles. It concludes that while
national courts are beginning to acknowledge their role in reviewing
transnational administrative acts, inconsistencies in approach and limited case
law suggest the need for further legal development and research to ensure
effective judicial protection within the EU's integrated administration system.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 31 Online ISSN 1354-3725</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Article: Denial of Justice: International Investment Agreements and the Implementation of the Global Minimum Tax [pre-publication]</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Intertax/53.5 [pre-publication]/TAXI2025039</link>
<category>Intertax</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>To assist in the
introduction and operation of the global minimum tax, the OECD’s supplementary
material includes a rule which would likely result in a multinational entity
paying tax in another jurisdiction on income earned in a particular source
jurisdiction where the entity launches a legal challenge against the source
jurisdiction’s minimum tax. In effect, this rule (intentionally) discourages
taxpayers from using either domestic or international law to challenge the
imposition of a minimum tax, by making the challenge economically unviable.
Some commentators have queried whether the jurisdictions that adopt this rule
may commit a denial of justice under customary international law, by impeding
or discouraging taxpayers’ resort to rights of access to domestic courts and
international arbitration tribunals constituted under international investment
agreements (IIAs). This paper concludes, however, that such a rule would likely
not amount to a denial of justice in so far as it discourages claims to either
domestic courts or international tribunals. As such, this paper removes one
potential obstacle for countries – particularly developing countries – in
implementing the OECD’s minimum tax rules, even if other obstacles may remain.</i></p>Volume 53 Online ISSN 0165-2826</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Article: Global Taxation’s Price: Quantifying Pillar Two Damages in IIA Disputes [pre-publication]</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Intertax/53.5 [pre-publication]/TAXI2025040</link>
<category>Intertax</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><i>This article addresses
the emerging conflicts between Pillar Two taxation rules and international
investment agreements (IIAs) by focusing on developing methodologies for
assessing economic damages in related disputes. The study aims to establish a
comprehensive framework for quantifying economic losses arising from potential
IIA violations due to Pillar Two implementation. It examines the legal basis
for damage claims under IIAs by analysing relevant precedents and provisions.
The research evaluates various methodological approaches for calculating
damages in international investment disputes and assesses their suitability for
Pillar Two-related scenarios. Economic models and quantitative techniques, such
as the discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis and the lost profit method, are
examined for their effectiveness in estimating Pillar Two’s financial impact on
investors. The article incorporates case studies and reviews past damage
assessments in tax-related contexts. It discusses policy implications and
offers guidelines for key stakeholders including policymakers, investors, and
arbitral tribunals as well as focusing on best practices and potential
challenges in damage assessment. This research aims to alleviate a critical
deficiency in the existing literature by providing a nuanced, multidimensional
framework to facilitate a more informed approach to resolving disputes at the
intersection of Pillar Two rules and IIAs.<o:p></o:p></i></p>Volume 53 Online ISSN 0165-2826</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Editorial: Scholactivism in Tax Law [pre-publication]
</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Intertax/53.5 [pre-publication]/TAXI2025041</link>
<category>Intertax</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><br></p>Volume 53 Online ISSN 0165-2826</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
<item>
<title>Literature Review: <i>Non-Fiscal Tax Policies and State Sovereignty. The Rise of Modern Nation States to Globalization and Corporate Feudalism</i>, (Guilio Allevato. 1st Edition. Cheltenham. UK: Edward Elgar Publishing 2024) [pre-publication]</title>
<link>https://kluwerlawonline.com/JournalArticle/Intertax/53.5 [pre-publication]/TAXI2025042</link>
<category>Intertax</category>
<description><p class="MsoNormal"><br></p>Volume 53 Online ISSN 0165-2826</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
</item>
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