In June 2008 Djiboutian and Eritrean troops fought along the border between the two states. In June 2010, Qatar brokered a mediation agreement between the two states. In 2017 a multidimensional crises engulfed Qatar against four states (the Quartet). Djibouti and Eritrea apparently sided with the Quartet and Qatar quit the mediation process without giving official reasons. Qatar’s behaviour raises some fundamental questions. To address these questions, this article first presents the nature and substance of the unique mediation agreement. This article emphasizes on Qatar’s responsibilities, under international law, for quitting the mediation process. Possibilities for Qatar to justify its withdrawal and, should there be no such justification, the remedies available to Djibouti and Eritrea will then be discussed. This article recommends pursuing a more comprehensive dispute settlement process in light of the limited scope of the mediation agreement and the need to address other issues related to the dispute.