This article analyses the current requirements for recognition and enforcement of an arbitration award in Brazil according to the legislation and jurisdictional interpretation provided by the Brazilian Supreme Court (STF—Supremo Tribunal Federal) and Superior Court of Justice (STJ—Tribunal Superior de Justiça).1 The article canvasses the history of arbitration in Brazil, gives a brief account of the evolution of legislation and jurisprudence and details the necessary legal requirements for the arbitration award to be enforced, in accordance with the recent decisions of the STJ. This analysis demonstrates that, in Brazil, it took some time to incorporate arbitration as an effective and independent system for the resolution of conflicts. However, nowadays Brazil is one of the countries which most respects the principles adopted internationally for arbitration, such as guaranteeing the enforcement of arbitration agreements and awards and ensuring judicial cooperation.