The Singapore Convention on Mediation was created with the purpose of harmonizing the enforcement regime for international settlement agreements resulting from mediation. This essay seeks to determine why the European Union has not signed the Convention yet and pinpoint exactly where the scepticism towards the Convention is coming from. To achieve this outcome, it considers the main objections of EU member states and different EU institutions expressed at the drafting stage of the Convention and more recently, identifying the most significant ones: competency and autonomy. The possibility of the dispute resolution and business community changing this attitude is also explored. Finally, the essay seeks to highlight the importance of the EU signing the Convention and speculates on the future of the Convention depending on the action taken.