Remarks on the Direct Horizontal Application of the Provisions of the European Charter of Fundamental Rights - European Business Law Review View Remarks on the Direct Horizontal Application of the Provisions of the European Charter of Fundamental Rights by - European Business Law Review Remarks on the Direct Horizontal Application of the Provisions of the European Charter of Fundamental Rights 35 7

This essay reflects on Prof Paolo Grossi’s speech ‘Historical Perspectives of European Law’ organised on 2 September 2013 by the Max Planck Institute in Frankfurt, and republished in Contract and Enterprise/Europe in 2022. Direct effect of the provisions in the Charter of Fundamental Rights can entail conflicting applications in national law, and this debate is visited here in light of recent case law.

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