Given the escalating
geopolitical challenges that the European Union (EU) has faced over the past
decade – most notably the Russian war of aggression and the uncertainty of the
transatlantic commitment expressed by the second Trump administration – the
effectiveness of EU foreign policy has become more crucial than ever. In this
context, this article aims to chart a path forward for EU foreign and security
policy, taking into account its historical roots as well as political and
budgetary limitations. Specifically, it offers ten policy recommendations
across various domains, including institutional issues, defence tools,
enlargement, and strategic partnerships, summarizing insights from other contributions
in this special issue into a comprehensive concluding study.