Which Labour Rights Are Fundamental Rights? Horizontal Direct Effect of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU - International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations View Which Labour Rights Are Fundamental Rights? Horizontal Direct Effect of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU by - International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations Which Labour Rights Are Fundamental Rights? Horizontal Direct Effect of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU 39 2

The paper provides a short overview from a labour law perspective of the scope of the European Charter of Fundamental Rights (I.) and the Court of Justice of the European Union’s case law regarding the horizontal direct effect of certain Charter provisions (II.). On this basis, it seeks to assess the practical relevance of the Court’s case law (III.). Finally, it explores how the Court determines the horizontal direct effect of Charter provisions and illustrates that operation by offering a specific example regarding employment relationships (IV.).

International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations