This article deals with the regulations of the civil proceedings for the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Spain. In 1977 Spain ratified the 1958 New York Convention in this field that, according to art. 46.2 of the Spanish Arbitration Act of 2003, constitutes, in general, the law in this matter. The procedure follows the old rules of the Civil Procedure Act of 1881 on the enforcement of judgments rendered by foreign courts, and in this respect the present study constitutes a methodical and practical approach to the problem and offers a clear exposition of the applicable legislation and international treaties now in force as well as an exhaustive review of the Supreme Court case law for the past thirty years interpreting the legal rules applicable to the particular situation.