The foundation of
global market competition rests on the three principles of efficiency, market
fairness, and economic integration. The success of domestic markets in
effectively participating in this global competition depends significantly on
the ability of their legal systems to promote these core principles. This study
analyses the Iranian competition legal framework in light of these principles, employing
insights from law and economics. The evaluation of this legal framework against
efficiency and fairness suggests broad alignment. While a number of legal
provisions need either clearer interpretation or amendment to ensure more
consistent practical outcomes, this body of law seeks overall to uphold the
requirements of fair competition and prohibit behaviours that undermine
efficiency and fairness in the market. The situation is different with respect
to alignment with economic integration. The integration of Iran’s domestic
markets into global markets is hindered more by policies that restrict openness
to global markets than by shortcomings in the competition law. Achieving this
integration requires a shift in Iran’s macroeconomic policies towards the
promotion of economic convergence.