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Susanne Gratius
European Foreign Affairs Review
Volume 16, Issue 5 (2011) pp. 689 – 703
https://doi.org/10.54648/eerr2011046
Abstract
Although interests are obviously part of inter-regional relations, the European-Latin American partnership is not mainly interest- but value-driven. Since the early 1980s, when nearly all Latin American countries abandoned military regimes, democracy and human rights have had a prominent place in EU-Latin American relations. Today, the mutual commitment to democracy and human rights is stressed in all official documents and cooperation accords between the EU and Latin America. Nonetheless, other regional priorities and the return to electoral democracy began to undermine the common values discourse and marginalize the political role of the EU in Latin America. This article is based on three major arguments: First, the EU's democratic engagement in Latin America still focuses on traditional authoritarian regimes (Cuba) and has not developed into a strategy towards the new political challenges of democratic backlash; second, the substance of democracy promotion mainly consists of technical governance issues and socio-economic support; and third, Spain is still a major actor in EU policy and its low priority of democracy promotion influenced the EU's profile. Based on these assumptions and following a short discussion on underlying principles, this article will address EU's priorities in democracy assistance in Latin America, particularly with regard to the most problematic countries in terms of democracy, such as Cuba, Colombia, and Venezuela.
Extract
This article looks at the relevance of space law and technology, especially the use of satellites for Earth observation, navigation and communication, in the fight against Coronavirus Disease- 2019 (COVID-19). After an indication of what various international space law instruments say about the use of outer space in this context, it provides an overview of developments and initiatives in the context of the United Nations and other relevant international, regional and national organizations and institutions, as well as the private space sector. It will demonstrate that space law and technology can greatly contribute to the fight against a pandemic such as COVID-19, by applying the advanced technological capabilities of space applications in the spirit of the concepts prescribed by international space law, such as mutual assistance, international cooperation and the benefit of all countries.